A fascinating new case report published in Frontiers in Veterinary Science has important implications for Dachshund breeders and exhibitors. The study, led by researchers at Auburn University, examined an unusual case of tall-statured Dachshunds and their genetic makeup, providing valuable insights into the genes that create our breed’s distinctive appearance.
The Key Findings
The researchers studied a family of standard wirehaired Dachshunds that included two unusually tall dogs. These dogs, while purebred, stood at 41cm and 48cm at the withers – significantly taller than typical Dachshunds and well outside the height suitable for den work. What made these dogs different? They completely lacked copies of the FGF4L1 gene, which we now know is crucial for the classic Dachshund shape. The image below is from the paper and shows the family of Wirehaired Dachshunds studied.
Why This Matters for Breeders
This research suggests that having at least one copy of the FGF4L1 gene is essential for maintaining the traditional Dachshund body type. Interestingly, the number of copies of another related gene, FGF4L2, seemed less critical for achieving proper Dachshund proportions. As long as a dog had at least one copy of FGF4L1, they maintained the typical Dachshund shape regardless of their FGF4L2 status.
Show Ring and Working Implications
For exhibitors and working dog enthusiasts, this information is particularly relevant. Dogs lacking FGF4L1 may grow too tall for traditional den work and fall outside breed standard proportions. This could impact both show ring success and working ability, as the study noted that these taller dogs would be unsuitable for traditional underground work.
Recent Legislative Concerns
The timing of this research is particularly relevant given recent developments in Germany, where new animal welfare regulations are affecting dog shows. In October 2024, the German government implemented guidelines that may restrict the exhibition of dogs with certain FGF4 genotypes. While the exact interpretation of these guidelines is still unclear, they could significantly impact breed shows and working trials.
Health Considerations
It’s worth noting that while FGF4L1 helps create our breed’s characteristic shape, the research found no evidence of significant health issues associated with this gene. This is particularly important given current discussions about breed health and welfare. The study suggests that FGF4L1 is primarily about body shape rather than health concerns.
Looking Forward
For breeders, this research provides valuable information for making informed breeding decisions. Understanding the role of FGF4L1 can help maintain the breed’s working ability and traditional appearance while considering health and welfare. The authors suggest that breeding programmes can focus on reducing FGF4L2-related health risks (associated with disk disease) while maintaining at least one copy of FGF4L1 to preserve proper Dachshund type.
Practical Takeaways:
– At least one copy of FGF4L1 appears necessary for typical Dachshund conformation
– Dogs without FGF4L1 may grow too tall for both show and working purposes
– FGF4L1 itself doesn’t appear to cause significant health issues
– Breeding decisions can focus on managing FGF4L2-related health concerns while maintaining proper type through FGF4L1
As our understanding of canine genetics continues to evolve, this kind of research helps us make more informed decisions about breeding practices that balance tradition, function, and health. For Dachshund enthusiasts worldwide, this information provides valuable guidance for maintaining our breed’s distinctive characteristics while working toward a healthy future.
Case report: FGF4L1 retrogene insertion is lacking in the tall dachshund phenotype
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/veterinary-science/articles/10.3389/fvets.2024.1522745/full
